Atomic photoionization at all energies can be characterized in
terms of nuclear Coulomb properties (nuclear Coulombic matrix elements),
plus low multipole (not beyond octupole) atomic screening contributions to
the matrix elements, in obtaining predictions for differential cross
sections accurate within an error limit of
.
We indicate under what
circumstances more than dipole screening contributions are needed to
describe photoionization of neutral atoms. Quadrupole screening can be
important except in the lightest elements. Octupole screening can be
important in inner shells of intermediate Z atoms and in all shells of
high-Z atoms.